1. Author(year): Gaggin et al. (2013)
2. Study: PROTECT
3. Population: Chronic systolic HF NYHA class II-IV, recent HF exacerbation
4. Study description: Post-hoc analysis of ST2 and benefits of high-dose vs low-dose β-blocker therapy
5. N: 151
6. Average age(year): 63
7. Average LVEF(%): 27
8. Primary outcome: Total CV events
9. Follow-up duration: ~10 months
10. Summary of findings: ST2>35 and inability to achieve high β-blocker dose associated with increased risk; high-ST2 group had greatest absolute benefit from high-dose β-blocker therapy
11. Link: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/epub/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000457
1. Author(year): Lupon et al. (2013)
2. Study: Barcelona
3. Population: Ambulatory HF
4. Study description: ST2, NT-proBNP, hsTnT and clinical risk factors; multimarker evaluation
5. N: 876
6. Average age(year): 70
7. Average LVEF(%): 34
8. Primary outcome: Death
9. Follow-up duration: 3.5 years
10. Summary of findings: ST2+hsTnT was best combo for improving risk stratification
11. Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0025619612010920
1. Author(year): Broch et al. (2012)
2. Study: CORONA
3. Population: Chronic ischemic HF
4. Study description: Randomized trial of rosuvastatin vs placebo; post-hoc analysis of ST2, NT-proBNP and CRP
5. N: 1449
6. Average age(year): 72
7. Average LVEF(%): ‹40 (mean 32%)
8. Primary outcome: Cardiovascular death, nonfatal MI or stroke
9. Follow-up duration: 2.6 years
10. Summary of findings: ST2 associated with worsening HF(death due to worsening HF, hospitalization due to worsening HF) and any cardiovascular hospitalization
11. Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1093/eurjhf/hfs006
1. Author(year): Bayes-Genis et al. (2012)
2. Study: Barcelona
3. Population: Ambulatory HF
4. Study description: ST2 and NT-proBNP
5. N: 891
6. Average age(year): 70
7. Average LVEF(%): 34
8. Primary outcome: Death
9. Follow-up duration: 2.8 years
10. Summary of findings: ST2 associated with mortality
11. Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr156
1. Author(year): Ky et al. (2011)
2. Study: Penn HF study
3. Population: Chronic ambulatory HF
4. Study description: ST2 and NT-proBNP levels and incremental usefulness over clinical models(SHFM)
5. N: 1141
6. Average age(year): 56
7. Average LVEF(%): 32
8. Primary outcome: Death or cardiac transplant
9. Follow-up duration: 2.8 years
10. Summary of findings: ST2 levels associated with increased risk; used with NT-proBNP, moderate improvement over SHFM
11. Link: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/epub/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.110.958223
1. Author(year): Bayes-Genis et al. (2010)
2. Study: Barcelona
3. Population: Ambulatory decompensated HF
4. Study description: Serial ST2 and NT-proBNP
5. N: 148
6. Average age(year): 62
7. Average LVEF(%): 28
8. Primary outcome: Death, HF admission cardiac transplant
9. Follow-up duration: 1 year
10. Summary of findings: Higher ‘ST2 ratio’(2 weeks/baseline) associated with increased risk
11. Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1885585710702310
1. Author(year): Weinberg et al. (2003)
2. Study: PRAISE-2
3. Population: Severe Chronic nonischemic HF, NYHA class III - IV
4. Study description: ST2 and change in ST2
5. N: 161
6. Average age(year): 30
7. Average LVEF(%): ‹30 (mean 22%)
8. Primary outcome: Death or cardiac transplant
9. Follow-up duration: Not reported
10. Summary of findings: 2 weeks change in ST2 associated with mortality and cardiac transplant.
11. Link: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.CIR.0000047274.66749.FE
1. Author(year): Breidthardtet al.(2013)
2. Study: Basel
3. Population: ADHF in ED
4. Study description: Serial ST2 levels; evaluated early responders(≥25% drop in ST2 at 48h) vs nonresponders, and interactions with treatments
5. N: 207
6. Average age(year): 80
7. Average LVEF(%): 40
8. Primary outcome: Death
9. Follow-up duration: 1 year
10. Summary of findings: Poorer prognosis in ST2 nonreponders; survival benefits from β-blockers only seen in nonresponders.
11. Link:
1. Author(year): Shah et al. (2011)
2. Study: Multicenter
3. Population: Dyspnea in ED
4. Study description: ST2 and NT-proBNP in ED patients; 5-center cohort study; n=200 with preserved LVEF
5. N: 387
6. Average age(year): 58
7. Average LVEF(%): >50 in 200
8. Primary outcome: Death
9. Follow-up duration: 1 year
10. Summary of findings: ST2 associated with mortality, was the only independent predictor in the subgroup with normal LVEF.
11. Link:
1. Author(year): Socrates et al. 2010)
2. Study: Multicenter, international
3. Population: Dyspnea in ED
4. Study description: ST2, BNP and NT-proBNP in ED
5. N: 1091
6. Average age(year): 69
7. Average LVEF(%): 55
8. Primary outcome: Death
9. Follow-up duration: 30 days, 1 year
10. Summary of findings: ST2 levels were predictive at both time point; addictive to NPs.
11. Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02263.x
